In 1963 John F. Kennedy stood at the Berlin Wall and declared 'Ich bin ein Berliner', meaning to say 'I am a Berliner' in solidarity. But a 'Berliner' is also a jam doughnut, so, the story goes, he actually told a crowd of stony Germans 'I am a jelly doughnut', and they cringed. It is the gold standard of embarrassing-politician trivia.
The sentence was correct, and nobody laughed. In German, when you say you belong to a city, you typically drop the article, so 'Ich bin Berliner' would be the literal 'I am a citizen of Berlin'. But Kennedy was speaking figuratively, in solidarity, not claiming citizenship, and in that sense adding 'ein' is grammatically fine and arguably better. Crucially, Berliners did not even call the pastry a 'Berliner'; in Berlin it was a 'Pfannkuchen', so the pun would not have landed there anyway. The crowd of hundreds of thousands roared its approval; there is no contemporary report of confusion. The doughnut gag only surfaced decades later and snowballed online. So one of history's most famous gaffes is not a gaffe. Kennedy said exactly what he meant, the city understood, and the joke was invented long after everyone went home.
Reception
- Wikipedia: Berliner (doughnut)PRIMARY
- Wikipedia: Ich bin ein BerlinerREFERENCE